School of Specs How standards actually get madeQuick start

How standards actually get made · Quick start

Everything this course is built on

120 sources, every one of them read out of a file or a database on the machine that built this site — never typed from memory. 47 of them are cited in the text; the rest are here so you can see what was available and was not used.

Built 2026-08-04 from: /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json, /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs, /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/spec_catalog.sqlite, /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/api.sqlite, /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite

Quoted wording 35

TR 21.900, clause 2
Definitions and abbreviations Change Request (CR): formal proposal presented on a standard form to modify a specification which is under change control. How it was counted: the words of clause 2 of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0 quote:change-request
TR 21.900, clause 2
Definitions and abbreviations change control: procedure whereby proposed modifications to a specification are presented for approval to the TSG as formal Change Requests. How it was counted: the words of clause 2 of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0 quote:change-control
TR 21.900, clause 2
Definitions and abbreviations frozen: release status or specification status in which only essential corrections are permitted. How it was counted: the words of clause 2 of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0 quote:frozen
TR 21.900, clause 2
Definitions and abbreviations closed: release status or specification status in which no changes of any kind to the release or the specification are permitted. How it was counted: the words of clause 2 of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0 quote:closed
TR 21.900, clause 2
Definitions and abbreviations pseudo Change Request (pCR): similar to a Change Request but has no CR number and is intended to propose new or revised text for inclusion in 3GPP TSs or TRs not yet under change control (i.e. still in the drafting phase). How it was counted: the words of clause 2 of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0 quote:pseudo-cr
TR 21.900, clause 2
Definitions and abbreviations Work Item (WI): description of an enhancement to a technical area, which may be categorized as Study Item, Feature, Building Block or Work Task. How it was counted: the words of clause 2 of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0 quote:work-item
TR 21.900, clause 4.0B
Releases Specifications are grouped into "Releases". A mobile system can be constructed based on the set of all specifications which comprise a given Release. How it was counted: the words of clause 4.0B of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0 quote:release
TR 21.900, clause 4.0A
Version nomenclature Each specification is associated with a "version number" in the form x.y.z which uniquely identifies the document. How it was counted: the words of clause 4.0A of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0 quote:version-number
TR 21.900, clause 4.6.1
Change Requests Once a specification has been approved by the TSG and version x.0.0 (where x >= 3, corresponding to the Release - see table 4) has been produced, it shall be considered to be under change control. Any technical change which may be identified for inclusion in the specification from this point on shall be accomplished by means of a Change Request (CR). How it was counted: the words of clause 4.6.1 of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0 quote:under-change-control
TR 21.900, clause 4.6.1
Change Requests A CR may be raised by any individual member and brought to the attention of the responsible Group. How it was counted: the words of clause 4.6.1 of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0 quote:cr-from-anyone
TR 21.900, clause 4.6.1
Change Requests CR numbers shall not be re-used, even if a CR is ultimately rejected by the TSG (see note). How it was counted: the words of clause 4.6.1 of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0 quote:cr-numbers
TR 21.900, clause 4.6.1
Change Requests The TSG should approve, reject or postpone a CR in its entirety (after revision, if necessary). That is, the modifications proposed by the CR should either be accepted without change, or unconditionally rejected. How it was counted: the words of clause 4.6.1 of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0 quote:cr-whole-or-nothing
TR 21.900, clause 4.10.2
Mirror Change Requests Where it is determined that several Releases are affected, an (independently numbered) Change Request shall be created for each such affected version of the specification. Such CRs are termed "mirror Change Requests". How it was counted: the words of clause 4.10.2 of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0 quote:mirror-cr
TR 21.900, clause 4.7
"Freezing" of specifications A TSG may decide that a specification is sufficiently stable that it may be considered "frozen". That is, only CRs for essential corrections of errors shall be considered except as discussed below (see clause 4.6.2 and in particular the derogation statement below table 4A). How it was counted: the words of clause 4.7 of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0 quote:freezing
TR 21.900, clause 9.1
Terminology Written contributions to 3GPP meetings are called "TDocs". How it was counted: the words of clause 9.1 of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0 quote:tdoc
TR 21.900, clause 8.6
General if there are no comments during the allowed period, agreement is granted automatically; How it was counted: the words of clause 8.6 of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0 quote:email-agreement
TR 21.900, clause 4.1.1
General At creation, a rapporteur shall be appointed. The rapporteur shall produce an initial draft, version 0.0.0, and subsequent revised versions (version 0.1.0, possibly 0.1.1, 0.1.2 and so on, then version 0.2.0 etc.). How it was counted: the words of clause 4.1.1 of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0 quote:rapporteur
TR 21.900, clause 4.1
Overview Stage 1 is an overall service description from the user's standpoint. How it was counted: the words of clause 4.1 of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0 quote:three-stages
TR 21.801, Annex E cited
Verbal forms for the expression of provisions The verbal forms shown in table E.1 shall be used to indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to the standard and from which no deviation is permitted. How it was counted: the words of clause Annex E of 3GPP TR 21.801 v19.1.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21801/19.1.0 quote:3gpp-shall
TR 21.801, Annex E cited
Verbal forms for the expression of provisions The verbal forms shown in table E.2 shall be used to indicate that among several possibilities one is recommended as particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others, or that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required, or that (in the negative form) a certain possibility or course of action is deprecated but not prohibited. How it was counted: the words of clause Annex E of 3GPP TR 21.801 v19.1.0 as parsed under /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21801/19.1.0 quote:3gpp-should
RFC 3935, section 1 cited
A Mission Statement for the IETF The goal of the IETF is to make the Internet work better. How it was counted: the words of section 1 of RFC 3935 as stored at /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs/rfc3935.txt quote:ietf-mission
RFC 2026, section 1.1
The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 3 In general, an Internet Standard is a specification that is stable and well-understood, is technically competent, has multiple, independent, and interoperable implementations with substantial operational experience, enjoys significant public support, and is recognizably useful in some or all parts of the Internet. How it was counted: the words of section 1.1 of RFC 2026 as stored at /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs/rfc2026.txt quote:internet-standard
RFC 2026, section 2.2 cited
The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 3 An Internet-Draft is NOT a means of "publishing" a specification; specifications are published through the RFC mechanism described in the previous section. Internet-Drafts have no formal status, and are subject to change or removal at any time. How it was counted: the words of section 2.2 of RFC 2026 as stored at /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs/rfc2026.txt quote:internet-draft
RFC 2026, section 4.1.1 cited
The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 3 The entry-level maturity for the standards track is "Proposed Standard". A specific action by the IESG is required to move a specification onto the standards track at the "Proposed Standard" level. How it was counted: the words of section 4.1.1 of RFC 2026 as stored at /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs/rfc2026.txt quote:proposed-standard
RFC 6410, section 2 cited
Reducing the Standards Track to Two Maturity Levels This document replaces the three-tier maturity ladder defined in RFC 2026 [1] with a two-tier maturity ladder. Specifications become Internet Standards through a set of two maturity levels known as the "Standards Track". How it was counted: the words of section 2 of RFC 6410 as stored at /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs/rfc6410.txt quote:two-maturity-levels
RFC 7282, section 1 cited
On Consensus and Humming in the IETF We reject: kings, presidents and voting. We believe in: rough consensus and running code. How it was counted: the words of section 1 of RFC 7282 as stored at /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs/rfc7282.txt quote:credo
RFC 7282, section 1 cited
On Consensus and Humming in the IETF We only require rough consensus: If the chair of a working group determines that a technical issue brought forward by an objector has been truly considered by the working group, and the working group has made an informed decision that the objection has been answered or is not enough of a technical problem to prevent moving forward, the chair can declare that there is rough consensus to go forward, the objection notwithstanding. How it was counted: the words of section 1 of RFC 7282 as stored at /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs/rfc7282.txt quote:rough-consensus
RFC 2418, section 3.3 cited
IETF Working Group Guidelines and Procedures Working groups make decisions through a "rough consensus" process. IETF consensus does not require that all participants agree although this is, of course, preferred. How it was counted: the words of section 3.3 of RFC 2418 as stored at /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs/rfc2418.txt quote:wg-decisions
RFC 2418, section 3.3 cited
IETF Working Group Guidelines and Procedures Note that 51% of the working group does not qualify as "rough consensus" and 99% is better than rough. It is up to the Chair to determine if rough consensus has been reached. How it was counted: the words of section 3.3 of RFC 2418 as stored at /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs/rfc2418.txt quote:not-a-vote
RFC 2418, section 1 cited
IETF Working Group Guidelines and Procedures There is no formal membership in the IETF. Participation is open to all. How it was counted: the words of section 1 of RFC 2418 as stored at /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs/rfc2418.txt quote:no-membership
RFC 2418, section 1 cited
IETF Working Group Guidelines and Procedures The area directors sitting as a body, along with the IETF Chair, comprise the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). How it was counted: the words of section 1 of RFC 2418 as stored at /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs/rfc2418.txt quote:iesg
RFC 2119, section 1
Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels MUST This word, or the terms "REQUIRED" or "SHALL", mean that the definition is an absolute requirement of the specification. How it was counted: the words of section 1 of RFC 2119 as stored at /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs/rfc2119.txt quote:must
RFC 2119, section 3
Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels SHOULD This word, or the adjective "RECOMMENDED", mean that there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances to ignore a particular item, but the full implications must be understood and carefully weighed before choosing a different course. How it was counted: the words of section 3 of RFC 2119 as stored at /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs/rfc2119.txt quote:should
RFC 2119, section 5
Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels MAY This word, or the adjective "OPTIONAL", mean that an item is truly optional. How it was counted: the words of section 5 of RFC 2119 as stored at /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs/rfc2119.txt quote:may
RFC 8174, section 1
Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words This document updates RFC 2119 by clarifying that only UPPERCASE usage of the key words have the defined special meanings. How it was counted: the words of section 1 of RFC 8174 as stored at /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs/rfc8174.txt quote:uppercase-only

Counted from the data 32

3,928 3GPP specifications in the catalogue cited
3928 How it was counted: rows in table `spec` of the pygppe specification catalogue, read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/spec_catalog.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:specs-total
2,149 of them are Technical Specifications cited
2149 How it was counted: rows in table `spec` where type='TS', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/spec_catalog.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:specs-ts
1,778 of them are Technical Reports cited
1778 How it was counted: rows in table `spec` where type='TR', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/spec_catalog.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:specs-tr
3,599 specifications are marked still maintained
3599 How it was counted: rows in table `spec` where active='yes', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/spec_catalog.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:specs-active
329 specifications are marked no longer maintained
329 How it was counted: rows in table `spec` where active='no', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/spec_catalog.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:specs-inactive
685 specifications carry the group code S5
685 How it was counted: rows in table `spec` where wg='S5', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/spec_catalog.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:specs-group-s5
458 specifications carry the group code R4
458 How it was counted: rows in table `spec` where wg='R4', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/spec_catalog.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:specs-group-r4
343 specifications carry the group code S3
343 How it was counted: rows in table `spec` where wg='S3', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/spec_catalog.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:specs-group-s3
321 specifications carry the group code S2
321 How it was counted: rows in table `spec` where wg='S2', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/spec_catalog.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:specs-group-s2
303 specifications carry the group code S4
303 How it was counted: rows in table `spec` where wg='S4', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/spec_catalog.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:specs-group-s4
256 specifications carry the group code S1
256 How it was counted: rows in table `spec` where wg='S1', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/spec_catalog.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:specs-group-s1
237 specifications carry the group code C1
237 How it was counted: rows in table `spec` where wg='C1', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/spec_catalog.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:specs-group-c1
236 specifications carry the group code C4
236 How it was counted: rows in table `spec` where wg='C4', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/spec_catalog.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:specs-group-c4
200 specifications carry the group code RP
200 How it was counted: rows in table `spec` where wg='RP', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/spec_catalog.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:specs-group-rp
20,793 specification-and-release pairs
20793 How it was counted: rows in table `spec_version`, one per specification per release, read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/spec_catalog.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:spec-versions
19 named releases cited
19 How it was counted: distinct values of `release` in table `spec_version`, leaving out 'Rel-unknown', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/spec_catalog.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:releases
1,629,581 meeting documents recorded cited
1629581 How it was counted: rows in table `tdoc` of the pygppe meeting-document database, read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/api.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:tdocs-total
516,786 of them are change requests cited
516786 How it was counted: rows in table `tdoc` where tdoctype='CR', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/api.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:tdocs-cr
159,031 of them are pseudo change requests, for documents not yet under change control
159031 How it was counted: rows in table `tdoc` where tdoctype='pCR', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/api.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:tdocs-pcr
47,474 of them are liaison statements sent to another group
47474 How it was counted: rows in table `tdoc` where tdoctype='LS out', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/api.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:tdocs-ls-out
11,595 of them are new work item descriptions
11595 How it was counted: rows in table `tdoc` where tdoctype='WID new', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/api.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:tdocs-wid-new
5,532 of them are new study item descriptions
5532 How it was counted: rows in table `tdoc` where tdoctype='SID new', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/api.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:tdocs-sid-new
97,521 meeting documents ended with the status "approved"
97521 How it was counted: rows in table `tdoc` where status='approved', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/api.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:tdocs-status-approved
16,137 meeting documents ended with the status "not pursued"
16137 How it was counted: rows in table `tdoc` where status='not pursued', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/api.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:tdocs-status-not-pursued
1,543,057 of them carry an upload date, running from 2015 to 2026
1543057 How it was counted: rows in table `tdoc` whose `uploaded` field starts with a year; the span is the first and last year holding more than 100 rows, which leaves out two stray rows dated before 1910, read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/api.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:tdocs-dated
4,371 of them are 3GPP meetings, from 1998-12-07 to 2028-06-13 cited
4371 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` whose body name starts '3GPP'; the span is the earliest and latest start date among them, read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The latest dates are meetings already scheduled, not meetings held count:meetings-3gpp
27 3GPP bodies hold a meeting series of their own cited
27 How it was counted: distinct body names starting '3GPP' in table `meetings`; the list is every one of them, smallest included, because only the larger ones get an entry of their own in this register, read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04 count:3gpp-bodies
9,735 RFCs in the local archive cited
9735 How it was counted: files named rfc<number>.txt or rfc<number>.xml, counted in /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs on 2026-08-04 count:rfcs-total
8,457 of them are plain text, numbered 1 to 8649
8457 How it was counted: files named rfc<number>.txt, counted in /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs on 2026-08-04 count:rfcs-text
1,278 of them are XML, numbered 8650 to 9953
1278 How it was counted: files named rfc<number>.xml, counted in /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/data/rfcs on 2026-08-04 count:rfcs-xml
579 terms defined in the 3GPP vocabulary cited
579 How it was counted: lines of clause 3 of 3GPP TR 21.905 v19.2.0 shaped 'term: definition', counted in /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21905/19.2.0/full.md on 2026-08-04 count:vocabulary-terms
97 clauses in TR 21.900, the working-methods document cited
97 How it was counted: parsed clause files of 3GPP TR 21.900 v20.0.0, counted in /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/friendlyspec/json/21900/20.0.0/sections on 2026-08-04 count:21900-clauses

Working group 21

3GPP
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 94 meetings recorded, from 1998-12-07 to 2026-09-15 94 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp
3GPP CT cited
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 110 meetings recorded, from 2005-03-11 to 2028-06-12 110 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP CT', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-ct
3GPP CT 1
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 184 meetings recorded, from 2005-04-25 to 2028-05-22 184 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP CT 1', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-ct-1
3GPP CT 3
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 171 meetings recorded, from 2005-04-25 to 2028-05-22 171 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP CT 3', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-ct-3
3GPP CT 4
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 179 meetings recorded, from 2005-04-25 to 2028-05-22 179 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP CT 4', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-ct-4
3GPP CT 6
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 123 meetings recorded, from 2005-04-12 to 2028-05-23 123 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP CT 6', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-ct-6
3GPP OP cited
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 58 meetings recorded, from 2015-04-29 to 2026-10-22 58 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP OP', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-op
3GPP PCG cited
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 64 meetings recorded, from 1999-07-06 to 2026-10-21 64 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP PCG', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-pcg
3GPP RAN cited
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 160 meetings recorded, from 1998-12-07 to 2028-06-12 160 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP RAN', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-ran
3GPP RAN 1
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 232 meetings recorded, from 1999-01-21 to 2028-05-22 232 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP RAN 1', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-ran-1
3GPP RAN 2
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 243 meetings recorded, from 1999-01-18 to 2028-05-22 243 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP RAN 2', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-ran-2
3GPP RAN 3
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 233 meetings recorded, from 1999-02-02 to 2028-05-22 233 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP RAN 3', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-ran-3
3GPP RAN 4
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 239 meetings recorded, from 1999-01-21 to 2028-05-22 239 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP RAN 4', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-ran-4
3GPP RAN 5
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 208 meetings recorded, from 2005-03-01 to 2028-05-22 208 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP RAN 5', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-ran-5
3GPP SA cited
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 173 meetings recorded, from 1998-12-07 to 2028-06-13 173 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP SA', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-sa
3GPP SA 1
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 230 meetings recorded, from 1999-02-01 to 2028-05-22 230 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP SA 1', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-sa-1
3GPP SA 2
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 301 meetings recorded, from 1999-01-20 to 2028-05-22 301 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP SA 2', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-sa-2
3GPP SA 3
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 363 meetings recorded, from 1999-02-02 to 2028-05-22 363 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP SA 3', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-sa-3
3GPP SA 4
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 404 meetings recorded, from 1999-01-21 to 2028-05-22 404 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP SA 4', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-sa-4
3GPP SA 5
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 443 meetings recorded, from 1999-01-18 to 2028-05-22 443 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP SA 5', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-sa-5
3GPP SA 6
A 3GPP body with its own meeting series: 112 meetings recorded, from 2015-01-13 to 2028-05-22 112 How it was counted: rows in table `meetings` where the body name is '3GPP SA 6', read from /var/www/whatthespec.net/data/database/api/portal_meetings.sqlite on 2026-08-04. The last date may be a meeting already scheduled rather than one held group:3gpp-sa-6

RFC 15

RFC 2026 cited
The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 3 rfc:2026
RFC 6410
Reducing the Standards Track to Two Maturity Levels rfc:6410
RFC 2418 cited
IETF Working Group Guidelines and Procedures rfc:2418
RFC 7282
On Consensus and Humming in the IETF rfc:7282
RFC 3935 cited
A Mission Statement for the IETF rfc:3935
RFC 2028 cited
The Organizations Involved in the IETF Standards Process rfc:2028
RFC 2119 cited
Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels rfc:2119
RFC 8174 cited
Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words rfc:8174
RFC 7322
RFC Style Guide rfc:7322
RFC 7841 cited
RFC Streams, Headers, and Boilerplates rfc:7841
RFC 8179
Intellectual Property Rights in IETF Technology rfc:8179
RFC 8126
Guidelines for Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs rfc:8126
RFC 3629
UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646 rfc:3629
RFC 8729
The RFC Series and RFC Editor rfc:8729
RFC 9280
RFC Editor Model (Version 3) rfc:9280

Specification 10

TR 21.900 v20.0.0 cited
Technical Specification Group working methods spec:21.900
TR 21.801 v19.1.0 cited
Specification drafting rules spec:21.801
TR 21.905 v19.2.0 cited
Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications spec:21.905
TR 21.802 v1.2.1
Study on Modernization of Specification Format and Procedures for 6G spec:21.802
TS 21.101 v19.0.0
Technical Specifications and Technical Reports for a UTRAN-based 3GPP system spec:21.101
TS 21.201 v19.0.0
Technical Specifications and Technical Reports for an Evolved Packet System (EPS) based 3GPP system spec:21.201
TS 21.202 v19.1.0
Technical Specifications and Technical Reports relating to the Common IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) spec:21.202
TS 21.205 v19.0.0 cited
Technical Specifications and Technical Reports for a 5G based 3GPP system spec:21.205
TR 21.919 v19.0.0 cited
Release 19 Description; Summary of Rel-19 Work Items spec:21.919
TS 21.111 v19.0.0
USIM and IC card requirements spec:21.111

Page on the standards body's own site 7

The 3GPP website cited
Meeting calendars, minutes, documents and the latest specifications. How it was counted: the address as written in TR 21.900 clause 7.6 page:3gpp-web
The 3GPP portal cited
Where a change request reserves its number and where the decisions on it are recorded. How it was counted: the address as written in TR 21.900 clause 7.6 page:3gpp-portal
The change-request database cited
Every change request ever raised against a 3GPP specification. How it was counted: the address as written in TR 21.900 clause 4.6.2 page:cr-database
Change requests, step by step cited
3GPP's own guidance on filling in a change-request form. How it was counted: the address as written in TR 21.900 clause 4.6.2 page:cr-step-by-step
The 3GPP Working Procedures cited
The rules of the partnership itself, above the working methods. How it was counted: the address as written in the reference list of TR 21.900, reference [8] page:working-procedures
The IETF website cited
The current list of working groups and areas, which no document carries because it changes. How it was counted: the address as written in RFC 2418 section 1, where it is written http://www.ietf.org page:ietf-web
TR 21.900 as a readable web page cited
The parsed working-methods document this course is built on, clause by clause. How it was counted: the address as written in the FriendlySpec viewer on this machine page:whatthespec-21900